Presens
Remove -en from the infinitive. The result is the raw stem. Some stems then need a spelling adjustment (Steps 2–4).
If the stem ends in a single vowel + single consonant and the vowel sounds long, write it with two vowel letters. This keeps the long sound when the syllable closes.
If the infinitive has a double consonant (nn, tt, pp, kk, ll), drop one in the stem. The double consonant was only there to show the vowel is short.
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