Dutch Grammar Quiz: Modal Verbs (Modale werkwoorden)

Key rules for Modal Verbs

moeten — obligation / necessity

Moeten expresses that something must be done — either external obligation or logical necessity. Often translates as "have to" in everyday English.

mogen — permission

Mogen asks or grants permission. Do not confuse with kunnen (ability) — "may I?" is mogen, "can I?" (physically able) is kunnen.

kunnen — ability

Kunnen expresses what someone is able to do. Also used for polite requests (less formal than mogen).

Ik moet werken. — I must work.
Mag ik binnenkomen? — May I come in?
Ik kan goed zwemmen. — I can swim well.
Ik wil koffie drinken. — I want to drink coffee.
Zullen we beginnen? — Shall we start?
Ik moet naar de tandarts gaan. — I have to go to the dentist. (appointment = obligation)

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