๐Ÿ‡ณ๐Ÿ‡ฑ Flashwords

Practice: Er + Indefinite Subject

Er + indefiniet subject

Dutch uses er as a placeholder subject when the real subject is indefinite โ€” introduced by een, geen, veel, weinig, enkele, or a number. This is different from er as a place word (Ik woon er al jaren) or er fused with a preposition (Ik denk eraan).
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Key rules for Er + Indefinite Subject

Er + zijn โ€” expressing existence

Use er is for a singular or uncountable indefinite subject and er zijn for a plural one. In questions, the verb moves before er.

Er + other position verbs

Verbs of position and movement โ€” staan, liggen, zitten, hangen, lopen, wonen, werken, komen โ€” also use er when their subject is indefinite.

Negation: er + geen vs er + niet

With an indefinite subject always use geen: Er is geen tijd. With a definite subject the noun phrase moves to the front, er becomes a place word, and negation uses niet.

Examples

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